Android, Inc. was founded in Palo Alto, California, in October 2003 by Andy Rubin (founder of Danger), Rich Miner (founder of Wildfire Communications, Inc.), Nick Sears (former VP of T-Mobile), and Chris White (head of interface design and development of WebTV ) to develop “smart mobile devices that are more aware of the location and preferences of their users”. The initial goal of developing Android was to develop a sophisticated operating system for digital cameras. However, it was realized that the market for these devices was not large enough, and development of Android was then shifted to the smartphone market to compete with Symbian and Windows Mobile (Apple’s iPhone had not been released at the time). Although Android developers are experienced tech experts, Android Inc. operated secretly, it was only disclosed that the developers were creating a software intended for mobile phones.
Google acquires Android Inc. on August 17, 2005, making it a wholly owned subsidiary of Google. Founder of Android Inc. such as Rubin, Miner and White remained with the company after it was acquired by Google. After that, not much is known about the development of Android Inc., but there are many assumptions which state that Google is planning to enter the mobile phone market with this action. At Google, a team led by Rubin began developing a mobile platform using the Linux kernel. Google markets the platform to mobile device manufacturers and wireless carriers, with the promise that they will provide a flexible and renewable system. Google has selected several software and hardware company partners, and signaled to mobile operators that this partnership is open to anyone who wants to participate
On November 5, 2007, the Open Handset Alliance (OHA) was founded. OHA is a consortium of technology companies such as Google, mobile device manufacturers such as HTC, Sony and Samsung, wireless operators such as Sprint Nextel and T-Mobile, and chipset manufacturers such as Qualcomm and Texas Instruments. OHA itself aims to develop open standards for mobile devices. At that time, Android was unveiled as its first product; a mobile platform platform that uses the Linux kernel version 2.6. The first commercial mobile phone to use the Android operating system was the HTC Dream, which was launched on October 22, 2008.
In 2010, Google released the Nexus series; smartphone and tablet devices with the Android operating system produced by partner cellular phone manufacturers such as HTC, LG, and Samsung. HTC teamed up with Google in releasing the first Nexus smartphone product, the Nexus One. The series has been updated with newer devices, such as the Nexus 4 smartphone and the Nexus 10 tablet manufactured by LG and Samsung. On October 15, 2014, Google announced the Nexus 6 and Nexus 9 produced by Motorola and HTC. Since 2008, Android has gradually made a number of updates to improve the performance of the operating system, add new features, and fix bugs contained in the previous version. Each major version released is named alphabetically by the names of a sugary dessert or snack; for example, version 1.5 was named Cupcake, which was later followed by version 1.6 Donut. The latest version is 9.0 Pie, which was released on March 7, 2018.
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