Database or database is a collection of data stored systematically in a computer that can be processed or manipulated using software (application programs) to produce information. The definition of the database includes specifications in the form of data types, data structures and also the limitations of the data to be stored. The database is a very important aspect in the information system where the database is a data storage warehouse that will be processed further. Databases are important because they can organize data, avoid data duplication, unclear relationships between data and also complicated updates. The process of entering and retrieving data to and from data storage media requires software called a database management system (DBMS). DBMS is a software system that allows database users (database users) to maintain, control and access data in a practical and efficient manner. In other words all access to the database will be handled by the DBMS. There are several functions that must be handled by the DBMS, namely processing data definitions, handling user requests to access data, checking data security and integrity defined by the DBA (Database Administrator), handling failures in accessing data caused by system or disk damage and handling all performance. function efficiently
- Database division by type:
- Flat-file database. Flat-file databases are ideal for small data and can be changed easily. Basically, they are composed of a set of strings in one or more files which can be parsed to get the stored information.
- Relational database. This database has a more logical structure regarding how it is stored. The word “relational” comes from the fact that the tables in the database can be related to each other.
Database System Components (Database)
The database is a system consisting of a collection of interconnected files or tables and a Database Management System (DBMS) that allows multiple users to access and manipulate these files (Fathansyah, 1999). The database system has several components, namely:
- Hardware (Hardware)
- The hardware that is usually contained in a database system is a secondary hard disk memory.
- Operating System (Operating System)
- An operating system is a program that activates or functions a computer system, controls all resources and performs operations on a computer. Operating systems are widely used such as: MS-DOS, MS-Windows 95 MS Windows NT, and Unix.
- Database ( Database )
- A database (Database) can have several databases. Each database can contain or have any number of database objects such as files or tables. Database Management System (DBMS)
- Physical database processing is not done by the user directly, but is handled by a software called a DBMS which determines how data is stored, modified and retrieved.
- User (User)
- Users can interact with databases and manipulate data in programs written in programming languages.
Basic Concepts of Database
The basic concept of a database is a collection of records, or chunks of knowledge. A database has a structured description of the types of facts stored in it: these descriptions are called schemas. A schema describes the objects that a database represents, and the relationships between these objects. There are many ways to organize a schema, or to model the structure of a database: this is known as a database model or data model. The model that is commonly used today is the relational model, which according to the term represents all information in the form of interconnected tables where each table consists of rows and columns (the actual definition uses mathematical terminology). In this model, relationships between tables are represented by using the same values between tables. Other models, such as the hierarchical model and the network model, use a more explicit way of representing the relationships between tables.
The basic concept of a database is a collection of records or a piece of knowledge. A database has a structured explanation of the types of facts stored in it, the explanation is with a schema. Schema describes an object that is represented by a database and has a relationship between these objects. There are many ways to organize schemas or model database structures, these are known as database models or data models. Usually the model that is commonly used today is the relational model whose term layman represents all information in the form of interconnected tables where each table consists of rows and columns (the actual definition uses mathematical terminology). In this model the relationship between tables is represented by using the same values between tables. Other models, such as the hierarchical model and the network model, use a more explicit way of representing the relationships between tables.
Database Creation Tool
Databases can be created and processed using a computer program, which is what we usually call software. The software used to manage and call database queries is called the Database Management System (DBMS) or if translated into Indonesian means “Database Management System.” The DBMS consists of two components, namely the Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) and the Overview of the Database. Management System (ODBMS). RDBMS includes Interface Drivers, SQL Engine, Transaction Engine, Relational Engine, and Storage Engine. While ODBMS includes Language Drivers, Query Engine, Transaction Engine, and Storage Engine
Database Design Stages
Database design (database) is an effort to build a database in a business environment, to build a database there are stages that need to be passed, namely:
- Database planning (database)
- Define system
- Analyze and collect needs
- Database design (database)
- Application design
- Making prototypes
- Implementation
- Data conversion
- Test
- Operational maintenance
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