Understanding Android is an operating system designed by Google based on the Linux kernel to support the performance of touch screen electronic devices, such as tablets or smartphones. So, android is used by touch, swipe or tap on your gadget screen.
Android is open source or free to use, modify, improve and distribute by software makers or developers. With the nature of open source technology companies are free to use this OS on their devices without a license or free.
Likewise with application makers, they are free to make applications with source codes issued by Google. With that, Android has millions of free/paid application support that can be downloaded via Google Play.
The definition of Android according to some experts is described as follows:
- According to Teguh Arifianto (2011: 1), Android is a mobile device on an operating system for Linux-based cellular phones.
- According to Hermawan (2011: 1), Android is a Mobile OS (Operating System) that is growing in the midst of other OSes that are developing today. Other OS such as Windows Mobile, i-Phone OS, Symbian, and many more. However, the existing OS runs by prioritizing core applications that are built in-house without seeing the considerable potential of third-party applications. Therefore, there are limitations of third-party applications to obtain native mobile data, communication between processes and limitations of distribution of third-party applications for their platforms.
- Android according to Nazaruddin (2012: 1) is an operating system for mobile phones based on Linux. Android provides an open platform for developers to create their own applications for use by various mobile devices. Android is commonly used in smartphones and tablet PCs. Its function is the same as the Symbian operating system on Nokia, iOS on Apple and BlackBerry OS.
Initially, Google Inc. Buy Android Inc. Which is a newcomer who makes software for cell phones/smartphones. Then to develop Android, the Open Handset Alliance was formed, a consortium of 34 hardware, software, and telecommunications companies, including Google, HTC, Intel, Motorola, Qualcomm, T-Mobile, and Nvidia. At the time of the inaugural release of Android, November 5, 2007, Android together with the Open Handset Alliance supported open source development on mobile devices. On the other hand, Google releases Android codes under the Apache license, a software license and an open platform mobile device. In this world there are two types of distributors of the Android operating system. The first is that it has full support from Google or Google Mail Service (GMS) and the second is that it is completely free to distribute without Google’s direct support, otherwise known as Open Handset Distribution (OHD). Around September 2007 Google introduced the Nexus One, a type of smartphone that uses Android as its operating system. This mobile phone is manufactured by HTC Corporation and made available to the market on January 5, 2010. On December 9, 2008, it was announced a new member to join ARM holdings’ Android work program, Atheros Communications, manufactured by Asustek Computer Inc, Garmin Ltd, Softbank, Sony Ericsson, Toshiba Corp., and Vodafone Group Plc. Along with the formation of the Open Handset Alliance, OHA announced their first product, Android, a mobile device which is a modification of the Linux 2.6 kernel. Since Android was released, various updates have been made in the form of bug fixes and the addition of new features.
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