Definition of Administration
Administration is a function that plays a very important role in the achievement of a smooth business activity, or activities carried out by the company/organization. therefore it can be said that administration is also the lifeblood of a company and administration can also show facts and information needed for a detailed plan and information/data which includes accurate records, forms and a report covering administrative tasks.
Understanding Administration According to Experts
Leonard D White (1955)
formulate it as “administration is a process command to all group effort public or private, civil or military, large scale or small scale” large or small)
H.A. Simon (1961)
administration can be defined as the activities if group cooperating to accomplish common goals”
Dwight Waldo (1971)
administration is a form of cooperative human effort that has a high level of rationality”:
The Lianag Gie (1965)
Administration is the entire process of administering in all the cooperative efforts of a group of people to achieve certain goals. This definition got a change (1972:P.a37) namely the process of organizing it was replaced with a series of administration. then further refined (1977:13) namely administration is a whole series of activities on the main work carried out by a group of people in cooperation to achieve certain goals.
S.p Sigiaan (1985)
is the whole process of cooperation between two or more human beings based on a certain rationality to achieve predetermined goals.
Parajudi Atmosudirjo (11975)
Administration is the control and mobilization of an organization in such a way that the organization comes alive and moves towards the achievement of everything that has been determined by the administrator, namely the head of the organization.
Administrative Elements
Activities that are cooperative in nature cover a very broad field where cooperation is always attached to human activities according to The Liang Gie what is called administration; “The whole process of organizing in every cooperative effort of a group of people to achieve certain goals”. From the definition of The Liang Gie, we get three administrative elements consisting of:
Activities involving two or more people
Activities carried out together
There are certain goals to be achieved.
These three elements are closely related to each other and integrated. If one of them does not exist, then the activity cannot be referred to as administration.
Types of Administrative Sciences
In general, administrative science is divided into two major branches, namely: state administration and commercial administration. The difference between these two branches of science lies in the focus of the discussion or the object of study.
Public administration has many definitions, which can generally be divided into two categories. First, the definition sees state administration only within the executive branch. And second, a definition that looks at the scope of state administration includes all branches of government and matters relating to the public.
There is an interactive relationship between state administration and its social environment. Among the various elements of the social environment, the element of culture is the element that most influences the performance of state administration.
Commercial Administration
According to Prof. Dr. MR. S. Prajudi Admosudidjo in his book entitled “Commerce Administration or Business Administration” is an understanding that includes two meanings into one, namely:
Commercial Administration is the administration of a commercial organization as a whole, if the commercial organization is a company, then the commercial administration is carried out by the Board of Directors rather than the company.
Commercial Administration is an administration that pursues the achievement of business objectives, in this sense, the commercial administration is carried out by every manager in a commercial organization.
From this description, it can be concluded that Commerce Administration is a collaborative process of groups of people to achieve maximum profit.
Administrative Features
The existence of a human group consisting of 2 or more people
There is cooperation between employees
There is a process or effort
There is guidance, in leadership and in supervision
In a company or agency there is a purpose.
Administration Function
- Planning (Planning)
Planning is a planner that requires an administrative activity, such as in data collection, data processing, and planning preparation.
- Organizing (organizing)
Organizing is an activity of compiling and forming a working relationship between people so that a business unit will be realized in achieving a predetermined goal.
- Staffing
Staffing is one of the functions of management that compiles personnel in an organization starting from recruiting a workforce, its development to the effort for each officer to provide maximum efficiency to the organization.
- Directing (direction or guidance)
Directing is one of the management functions related to efforts to provide guidance, advice, orders, for tasks that are carried out properly and are truly targeted from those that have been previously determined.
- Coordinating
Coordinating is part of the management function to carry out a number of activities to run well by avoiding the occurrence of chaos, squabbles, vacancies of activities carried out by connecting, unifying and harmonizing a subordinate’s work so that there is directed cooperation in an effort to achieve an organizational goal.
- Reporting
Reporting is management that is in the delivery of developments or results of an activity by providing a description of the duties and functions of higher officials both verbally and in writing so that in receiving a report you can get an overview of the implementation of the duties of the person who gave the report.
- Budgeting
Budgeting is an ongoing activity that manages and plans finances or budgets.
Administration Purpose
So that a business can monitor a company’s administrative activities
So that business managers can evaluate an activity in the organization of the company
So that a business manager can arrange a business development program and an organizing activity
So that a business manager can secure a business activities and company organization.
In a company, administration has a very important function in a company
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