Management is an art or principle related to organizing, such as planning, building an organization and its organization, movement, and control or supervision.
Management is a systematic process in organizing so that control and supervision can be carried out to achieve certain goals. The word ‘management’ comes from English, namely ‘manage’ which means to organize, plan, manage, seek, and lead.
Etymologically, management is the art of implementing and managing. This is what underlies management as the art of managing and organizing so that it is neatly arranged. The term management is usually identified with the world of business and offices. Management is needed so that personal or organizational goals can be achieved.
Management is also very necessary to achieve the efficiency and effectiveness of an organization’s work. The person who organizes, formulates, and carries out various management actions is called a manager.
- Understanding Management According to Experts
George R. Terry
Management is a process consisting of planning, organizing, mobilizing, and controlling to achieve predetermined goal.
Henry Fayol
Management is a process of planning, organizing, and controlling existing resources to achieve effective and efficient goals.
Oey Liang Lee
Management is the science and art of planning, organizing, directing, coordinating and supervising humans with the help of tools so that they can achieve goals.
Ricky W. Griffin
Management is a planning process, organizational process, coordination process, and control process of resources to achieve goals effectively and efficiently.
Mary Parker Foleot
Management is the art of getting things done through other people. This understanding can be interpreted as a function of a manager who regulates and directs others to achieve organizational goals.
However, this understanding of management can be misinterpreted because there are other people whose purpose is to help get the job done.
Federick Winslow Taylor
Management is the art of knowing what has to be done and seeing that it is done in the best possible way.
Koontz dan Weihrich
Management is the process of designing and maintaining an environment in which individuals, working together in groups, efficiently achieve selected goals.
- Management Goals
– Can determine an effective and efficient strategy to achieve predetermined goals.
– Conduct a work evaluation and review the situation that will occur which aims to make strategic adjustments if things happen that are outside the strategy.
– Regulate and maintain emotional health (personal), financial, and all sectors in a company so that the company can achieve maximum profit.
– Evaluate and review a strength (strength), weakness (weakness), opportunities and threats that exist, and so on.
- Management Function
1. Planning
Planning is a series of processes for selecting or setting organizational goals and determining the strategies needed to achieve goals. With planning, alternative assessments can be made in decision making in order to get the best choice among other alternatives.
2. Organizing
Organizing or organizing is a series of activities for the division of tasks to be carried out and the process of developing an organizational structure that is in accordance with company goals.
The purpose of organizing must be carried out properly in order to manage various human resources or other resources. That way, the resources within the company can function optimally and are able to carry out their respective roles and functions properly.
3. Placement Function
Here a leader has the task of placing available resources according to need. Thus, the process of achieving goals can be carried out more effectively and efficiently.
4. Directing
Directing is an action that seeks to make all group members try to achieve goals in accordance with managerial and business plans.
This function aims to direct or control so that work is more effective and efficient.
5. Controlling
The purpose of controlling or supervision is to assess the work that has been done by all human resources in a company. The supervisory function is very important because this function is to determine the quality of services or products produced by the company can run well or not.
- Management Elements
Human
The most important factor in management is people. Humans make goals and carry out the process of achieving these goals. In other words, the work process will not occur if there is a human element in it.
Money
In addition to humans, money is also a very influential element of management because the results of activities can be measured by the amount circulating in a company. The existence of money can be a tool in the process of achieving goals with its rational use.
Materials
The availability of raw materials or materials is very vital in the production process. Without materials, companies cannot process something to sell.
Experts are needed to process raw materials into finished or semi-finished goods. Human resources and raw materials are closely related to each other and cannot be separated.
Machines
Machines are needed by humans to make difficult work easier and faster. The use of machines will increase yields and profits and make work processes more effective and efficient.
Besides being efficient, the level of human error or human error can be minimized. However, it takes reliable resources and quality raw materials to obtain maximum results.
Methods
Work can run effectively and efficiently when done with the right method. A work method must consider goals, facilities, time, money, and business activities.
In addition, the right and good method must also be understood by the humans who run it.
Market
The consumer or market is a very important element. Without marketing, goods will not be sold.
This is because there is no demand, which can make production stop. Company activities can also be vacuumed.
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