Twitter (\/\u02c8tw\u026at\u0259r\/) is an online social networking and microblogging service that allows its users to send and read text-based messages of up to 140 characters but on 07 November 2017 increased to 280 characters known as tweets. Twitter was founded in March 2006 by Jack Dorsey, and the social networking site was launched in July. Since its launch, Twitter has become one of the ten most visited sites on the Internet, and has been dubbed the \u201cshort message of the Internet.\u201d[14][15] On Twitter, unregistered users can only read tweets, while registered users can write. tweets via website interfaces, short messages (SMS), or through various applications for mobile devices.[16]<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-Twitter is experiencing rapid growth and is rapidly gaining worldwide popularity. As of January 2013, there are more than 500 million registered users on Twitter, 200 million of whom are active users.[17] The spike in Twitter usage generally occurs when popular events occur. As of early 2013, Twitter users were sending more than 500 million tweets per day, and Twitter handled more than 1.6 billion search queries per day.[18][19][20] This has caused Twitter’s position to rise to the second rank as the most visited social networking site in the world, from the previously ranked twenty-second.[21]<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The high popularity of Twitter causes this service to be used for various purposes in various aspects, for example as a means of protest, political campaigns, learning tools, and as an emergency communication medium. Twitter is also faced with various problems and controversies such as user security and privacy issues, lawsuits, and censorship.[22]<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-Twitter dimiliki dan dioperasikan oleh Twitter, Inc., yang berbasis di San Francisco, dengan kantor dan peladen tambahan terdapat di New York City, Boston, dan San Antonio. Hingga Mei 2015, Twitter telah memiliki lebih dari 500 juta pengguna, 302 juta di antaranya adalah pengguna aktif.[23][24]<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u25cfSejarah<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-Asal mula Twitter berawal dari acara diskusi yang diselenggarakan oleh sebuah perusahaan podcast bernama Odeo. Jack Dorsey, seorang mahasiswa sarjana di Universitas New York, mengemukakan gagasannya mengenai penggunaan layanan pesan singkat untuk berkomunikasi dengan sebuah kelompok kecil.[25][26] Nama kode proyek asli untuk layanan ini adalah twttr, gagasan yang kemudian diungkapkan oleh Evan Williams dikemukakan oleh Noah Glass;[27] terinspirasi oleh Flickr dan kode singkat SMS Amerika yang jumlahnya lima digit. Para pengembang awalnya memutuskan angka \u201c10958\u201d sebagai kode singkat untuk layanan ini, namun kemudian diubah menjadi \u201c40404\u201d untuk kemudahan \u201cpenggunaan dan pengingatan.\u201d[28]<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-terinspirasi oleh Flickr dan kode singkat SMS Amerika yang jumlahnya lima digit. Para pengembang awalnya memutuskan angka \u201c10958\u201d sebagai kode singkat untuk layanan ini, namun kemudian diubah menjadi \u201c40404\u201d untuk kemudahan \u201cpenggunaan dan pengingatan.\u201d[28] Pengerjaan proyek ini dimulai pada tanggal 21 Maret 2006, ketika Dorsey memublikasikan pesan Twitter pertamanya pada pukul 9:50 PM PST. Pesan tersebut berbunyi: \u201cjust setting up my twttr\u201d.[2]<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201c\u2026we chose the word ‘twitter’, and it was perfect. The definitions are ‘short bursts of unimportant information’, and ‘bird chatter’. And that’s exactly what this product is like. \u2013 Jack Dorsey[29]<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Twitter was first used as an internal service for Odeo employees, and the full version was introduced to the public on July 15, 2006.[11] In October 2006, Biz Stone, Evan Williams, Dorsey, and other Odeo staff formed a new company, acquiring Odeo and all of its assets \u2013 including Odeo.com and Twitter.com \u2013 from investors and shareholders.[30] Furthermore, twitter was officially introduced in San Francisco on April 19, 2007 with the mission to provide an opportunity for everyone to be able to create and share information directly and without barriers.[31]<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Growth<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-Twitter is experiencing rapid growth. There were 400,000 tweets posted per quarter in 2007. This number increased to 100 million tweets per quarter in 2008. In February 2010, Twitter users were sending 50 million tweets per day.[40] As of March 2010, the company noted there were more than 70,000 registered Twitter applications.[41] As of June 2010, according to Twitter, about 65 million tweets were posted daily, or about 750 tweets per second,[42] and by March 2011, the number of tweets posted daily was 140 million.[43] According to a Compete.com report, Twitter’s position rose to the third most visited social networking site in January 2009, from the previous twenty-second ranking.[21]<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-Twitter usage spikes generally occur during popular events. For example, the Twitter record was set at the 2010 FIFA World Cup, when fans wrote 2,940 tweets per second after Japan scored against Cameroon on June 14, 2010. This record was broken when 3,085 tweets per second were posted by users celebrating the Los Angeles Lakers win. in the 2010 NBA Finals on June 17, 2010,[44], and was broken again when Japan beat Denmark in the 2010 World Cup, with 3,283 tweets per second.[45] The record was later broken when Twitter users posted 7,196 tweets per second while watching the 2011 FIFA Women’s World Cup Final between Japan and the United States.[46] When American singer Michael Jackson died on June 25, 2009, Twitter’s servers crashed after tens of millions of users updated their statuses to include the words “Michael Jackson”, with a tweet rate of around 100,000 per hour.[47]<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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